[tt] advanced nanotechnology - 2 new articles
Eugen Leitl
<eugen at leitl.org> on
Tue Nov 6 09:06:47 UTC 2007
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Date: Tue, 06 Nov 2007 03:39:13 -0500
To: eugen <eugen at leitl.org>
Subject: advanced nanotechnology - 2 new articles
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"[2]advanced nanotechnology" - 2 new articles
1. [3]Two proposals for mining the Ocean for $720 trillion worth of
Uranium
2. [4]Tartan Racing, Pittsburgh, PA wins the Darpa Urban challenge
3. [5]More Recent Articles
4. [6]Search advanced nanotechnology
[7]Two proposals for mining the Ocean for $720 trillion worth of Uranium
[8]The Japanese have been refining the processes for extracting
Uranium from seawater for decades. The japanese have extracted 1 kg of
uranium from seawater.
[9]REDDIT
[10]DIGG This article
If 2g-U/kg-adsorbent is submerged for 60 days at a time and used 6
times, the uranium cost is calculated to be 88,000 yen/kg-U,
including the cost of adsorbent production, uranium collection, and
uranium purification. When 6g-U/kg-adsorbent and 20 repetitions or
more becomes possible, the uranium cost reduces to 15,000 yen. This
price level is equivalent to that of the highest cost of the
minable uranium. The lowest cost attainable now (2006) is 25,000
yen with 4g-U/kg-adsorbent used in the sea area of Okinawa, with 18
repetitionuses.
This is about $220 per kg (114 yen to 1 US Dollar in 2007) The price
of Uranium is currently in the $150-190/kg range.
[1879737238_55525163cd_o.jpg]
The japanese process is to use irradiated polymers and stick a braided
net of it into the ocean and basically "fish" for 30-90 days for
Uranium.
There is 4 to 4.6 billion tons of Uranium in seawater. At the $160/kg
price, this would be equal to $720 trillion for 4.5 billion tons.
[1879737262_ef1055d5bd_o.jpg]
Here is some more detail on the preparation of the polymer
I would propose two ways that should be investigated to radically
reduce the cost of removing metals from the ocean and for increasing
to very large volumes.
1. Functionalize an algae bloom to concentrate Uranium
See the work of [11]Matt Francis at Berkeley for functionalizing virus
shells and microbes for anti-cancer or for solar power. Many others
are trying to [12]engineer microbes using synthetic biology.
The goal would be to increase the concentration of Uranium from 3
parts per billion to 300 parts per million. The higher concentration
allows regular methods of Uranium mining to take over. It is an
increase of 100,000 times.
Scoop up the algae that concentrated the uranium and process it.
There may be a need to cross the algae with extremophiles to toughen
them up or there may be a need to pick another starting microbe.
[13]Algae blooms can be very large. 60 kilometers in size and extend
12-15 meters or more below the surface
2. Nanomembrane Filtering
Nanomembrane filtering is starting to be used for desalinization of
water at 100,000 gallons per day using a 6 inch diameter membrane.
If one could filter 1 billion gallons per day then there would be
$1.92 million/day worth of Uranium. (3 mg per ton of water. 1 billion
gallons is 4 million tons. 12,000 kg of Uranium in 1 billion gallons)
Ten thousand of the 6 inch diameter nanomembrane enabled filtration
pipes would be needed.
[1879737280_9eb612a66b.jpg?v=0]
There are other rare metals in seawater. Lithium seems like a valuable
target. Its price is in the $80/kg range and there is concern about
having enough Lithium for lithium ion batteries. There is 56 times as
much Lithium as Uranium in seawater. At $80/kg it would be a $14,000
trillion resource.
I believe that the nanoscale technologies of synthetic biology,
nanomembranes and other current and near term nanotechnology lack the
ability to create larger system structures. Therefore, it is best to
use nanoscale technology for liquid or gas phase opportunities in the
near term.
FURTHER READING:
[14]Article in Foresight in 2006 on Gayle Pergamit and the Aqua Via
company
[15][advancednano?i=ZiovjqB] [16][advancednano?i=IW0eRyB]
[17][advancednano?i=ElK7bbb] [18][advancednano?i=V040Asb]
[19][advancednano?i=k8ulhGb] [20][advancednano?i=l9nLgTB]
[21][advancednano?i=6Ucmklb] [22][advancednano?i=qukgNLB]
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[27]Rate 'Two proposals for mining the Ocean for $720 trillion worth
of Uranium'
[28]Tartan Racing, Pittsburgh, PA wins the Darpa Urban challenge
[29]DARPA Urban Challenge winners announced.
1st Place - Tartan Racing (Carnegie Mellon), Pittsburgh, PA
2nd Place - Stanford Racing Team, Stanford, CA
3rd Place - Victor Tango, Blacksburg, VA
[30]There is more post-race coverage at CNet and all over the web.
Lidar was a key technology used in the robotic cars.
[31]Advancement in LIDAR capabilities is something that I have covered
before
[32]Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) is an optical remote sensing
technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range
and/or other information of a distant target.
[noaa_wtc3.jpg]
Image of buildings using Lidar
[33][advancednano?i=ufNbepB] [34][advancednano?i=9RLF5PB]
[35][advancednano?i=b2Pi41b] [36][advancednano?i=E8OxUdb]
[37][advancednano?i=al2Mevb] [38][advancednano?i=deG61BB]
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[45]Rate 'Tartan Racing, Pittsburgh, PA wins the Darpa Urban
challenge'
More Recent Articles
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* [48]Transitioning from oil
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Eugen* Leitl <a href="http://leitl.org">leitl</a> http://leitl.org
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